In the Yoga Sutras (2.1), kriyāyoga is yoga's "practical" aspect: the "union with the supreme" in the performance of everyday duties. In accordance with Pāṇini, Vyasa (who wrote the first commentary on the Yoga Sutras) says that yoga means samadhi (concentration). In the context of the Yoga Sutras, the root yuj samādhau (to concentrate) is considered the correct etymology by traditional commentators. BCE) wrote that the term yoga can be derived from either of two roots: yujir yoga (to yoke) or yuj samādhau ("to concentrate"). According to Mikel Burley, the first use of the root of the word "yoga" is in hymn 5.81.1 of the Rigveda, a dedication to the rising Sun-god, where it has been interpreted as "yoke" or "control". Yoga is a cognate of the English word "yoke". The Sanskrit noun योग yoga is derived from the root yuj (युज्) "to attach, join, harness, yoke". 4.3.1 Buddhism and the śramaṇa movementĪ statue of Patanjali, author of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, meditating in the lotus position.Vivekananda introduced the Yoga Sutras to the West, and they became prominent after the 20th-century success of hatha yoga. It was introduced by gurus from India after the success of Swami Vivekananda's adaptation of yoga without asanas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The term "yoga" in the Western world often denotes a modern form of Hatha yoga and a posture-based physical fitness, stress-relief and relaxation technique, consisting largely of the asanas this differs from traditional yoga, which focuses on meditation and release from worldly attachments. Hatha yoga texts began to emerge between the ninth and 11th centuries, originating in tantra. The most comprehensive text on Yoga, the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, date to the early centuries of the Common Era Yoga philosophy became known as one of the six orthodox philosophical schools ( Darśanas) of Hinduism in the second half of the first millennium CE. Yoga continued to develop as a systematic study and practice during the fifth and sixth centuries BCE in ancient India's ascetic and Śramaṇa movements. The first known appearance of the word "yoga" with the same meaning as the modern term is in the Katha Upanishad, which was probably composed between the fifth and third centuries BCE. Yoga is first mentioned in the Rigveda, and is referred to in a number of the Upanishads. According to the synthesis model, yoga is a synthesis of non-Vedic and Vedic elements this model is favoured in Western scholarship. The linear model holds that yoga originated in the Vedic period, as reflected in the Vedic textual corpus, and influenced Buddhism according to author Edward Fitzpatrick Crangle, this model is mainly supported by Hindu scholars. Two general theories exist on the origins of yoga. There is a wide variety of schools of yoga, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and traditional and modern yoga is practiced worldwide. Yoga ( / ˈ j oʊ ɡ ə/ ( listen) Sanskrit: योग, lit.'yoke' or 'union' pronounced ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consciousness untouched by the mind ( Chitta) and mundane suffering ( Duḥkha). Statue of Shiva meditating in the lotus position
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